Understanding the Importance of Grounding and Bonding in Electrical Safety

Grounding and bonding are essential practices in electrical safety that help protect individuals from electrical shock or electrocution. By minimizing the risk of non-current-carrying parts of equipment becoming energized, these safety measures create a safer environment for anyone who may come into contact with electrical devices. This is particularly emphasized in OSHA regulations, which stress the importance of safeguarding employees who interact with electrical equipment.

The National Electrical Code (NEC) provides specific guidelines for bonding and grounding, highlighting the necessity of electrical continuity. According to NEC Section 250.90, bonding should be implemented wherever necessary, ensuring that equipment can safely conduct any fault current. This is critical for all types of equipment, systems, and structures, underscoring the universal need for effective grounding practices.

The significance of knowing the correct bonding jumper and its intended use cannot be overstated. If the wrong section or table is referenced while sizing the bonding jumper, it may not adequately handle the fault currents it encounters. This could potentially lead to dangerous situations where current could flow through unintended paths, increasing the risk of electrical hazards.

For equipment to be deemed safe, all non-current-carrying metal parts must be grounded, whether they are fixed or portable. The NEC Article 250, Part VI outlines these requirements thoroughly. However, it is important to note exceptions, such as those related to distribution apparatus mounted at certain heights. While these exceptions may protect the general public, they do not necessarily shield those working on the equipment, emphasizing the need for thorough inspections and proper grounding.

In situations involving cord- and plug-connected equipment, NEC Section 250.114 echoes the need for grounding. The regulations ensure that all exposed non-current-carrying metal parts that are likely to become energized must be grounded. This preventive measure is vital, as even seemingly inert metal housings can become energized under certain conditions.

By adhering to proper grounding techniques and understanding the requirements laid out in the NEC and OSHA guidelines, individuals can significantly reduce the risk of electrical shock and enhance overall safety when working with or around electrical systems and equipment.